Lock.



W. GROSS.

LOCK.

APPLicAloN FILED Nov.1. 1915.

lt 222 545., Patented Apr. 10,1917.

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W. GROSS.

LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED NGV-1.1915- lqplu Patented Apr. l0, 1917.

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'WILLIALVI GROSS, 0F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO SAFETY LOCK COlvIPANY, F MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION OF SOUTH DAKOTA.

LOCK.

Application filed November 1, 1915.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that l, FVrLLAM Gnoss, a citizen of the United States, residing at Minneapolis, in the county of Hennepin and State of Minnesota, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to locks and has for its object to provide a lock for either doors or padlocks whereby the locking member, whether bolt or shackle, shall be held in a manner to make it difficult to pick said lock. rihis object is accomplished by providing one or more bolts for normally holding the locking member immovable, which bolts are operated by pinion shafts Lmeshing' with racks upon the bolts and gears for operating he pinion shaft, said gears extending into the slots formed in key ways in such manner that only an instrument such as a key having the proper toothed portions for meshing with the toothed portions of the gear can operate to turn said gear or gears and thereby release the lock.

lt is a further object of my invention to provide a combination of several bolts and gear and pinion operating means therefor, said bolts being related to one another so that one or more of the bolts will have to be first moved before the succeeding bolt can be moved. It is also an object of my invention to provide a door lock embodying the features above referred to wherein the locking member is held by a movable bolt normally positioned and in which said bolt can occupy only one possible' position for releasing the locking member, an excess movement of the bolt beyond such position resulting in securing the locking member on the other side.

The full objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereof and are particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, illustrating the application of my invention in one form,

Figure 1 is a plan view of a slidable shackle padlock with the outer casing cut away showing the key just inserted into the key hole. Fig. 1A is a cross-sectional view view similar to Fig. 1 with the key completely inserted and the lock opened. Fig. 3 is a sectional view similar to Fig. 1 taken Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. Ml, 191W.

semi no. 53,946.

through the center of the lock with the parts in the same relation as shown in F 1. Fig. is a sectional view similar to F 3 and of the same parts but arranged to correspond to Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 3 of a modification. Fig. G is a view similar to Fig. 5 of another modiiication. Fig. 7 is a rear end view of the locking element of a door lock. Figs. 8 and 9 are sectional views of the same taken on lines 8 3 and 9-9 of Fig. 7. Figs. 10 and 11 are views of some of the parts shown in Fig. 9 but in relatively altered positions. Fig. 12 is a fragmental sectional view of the device shown in Fig. 9 taken transversely through one of the bolts. Fig. 13 is a cross sectional view of the key for the same lock.

The padlock shown in Figs. 1, 2, 3 and f1 illustrates the application of my invention in one form. A body portion 2O contains all the moving parts and Vis surrounded by a casing 21 held in place by a pin 22. A shackle 28 has a long leg 24 which is adapted to slide in a cylindrical hole 25 in the body 2O and also has a short leg 26 which is adapted to slide in and out of a socket 27 in the body 2O to lock and unlock the device. Then leg 26 is free from socket 27 the shackle 2B can rotate on leg 24k in hole 25 so that the shackle can easily be applied to the object locked without necessitating the length of travel of the same to be excessive.

The sliding motion of shackle 23 is limited by a pin 28 secured to the body 20 in hole 25 and operating in a circumferential notch 29 cut about the lower end of leg 24. Shackle 23 is normally forced outward by a compression coil spring 30 seated in a diminished portion 31 of hole 25 and acting against the end of leg 244 so that as soon as the shackle is released it flies open and unlocks the device.

Shackle 23 is held locked by means of a pair of bolts 32 and 33 extending through the body 2O at right angles to leg 2st in holes fili and -15 and engaging lugs 34 and 85, respectively, formed in leg 24 by notches 36 and 37 into which said bolts may issue, as is clearly shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4L shows bolts S2 and 33 entirely withdrawn from engagement with lugs 34.- and and the shackle 23 almost fully out. rIhe upper sides 8S and 39 of lugs and 35 are made perpendicular to the legs 2i so as to normally engage the straight portions of the bolts 32 and 33 and cause the shackle 23 to be held in place. lVhen the lower surfaces l0 and L1-1 of lugs 34 and 35, which are oblique, pass the bolts 32 and 33 said bolts may again resume their normal positions, allowing the key to be removed, as will hereinafter be explained. 1n closing the lock, the surfaces and 4:1 of the lugs 34 and 35 engage conical surfaces i12 and Lt3 at the ends of bolts and 33 and y cause said bolts to recede past said lugs and to snap into place in notches 36 and 37 as soon as said lugs 32 and 33 pass them. Bolts and 33 are caused to advance into these notches by compression coil springs 46 and Lt7 in holes All.' and seated against the casing 21 and acting' against the ends of said bolts.

ries of rack teeth 13 and L19 extending circumferentially about them, and the racks thus formed mesh with corresponding pinions 50 and 51. These pinions are integral with gear wheels and 53 which have oddshaped teeth 51- and 57, as clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 2, and said pinions are set in holes 55 and 56 in the body 20 which serve as bea-'rings for them. rPhe gear wheels 52 and 53 are counter-sunk below the surface of the body 20 at 53 and 59 and extend into a passageway in which a key 61 may be insei-ted. It will be noted that these'gears are so set and proportioned that the teeth 55 of the inner gear 52 comeabove the teeth 57 of the outer gear Key 61 is provided with teeth 62 and 63 which may mesh with teeth 55 and 57, respectively, and which, due to the arrangement of gears 52 and 53 independently and simultaneously actuate both gears. As the key 61V is inserted in passageway 60 g'ear wheels 52 and are caused to rotate by the racks formed on said key by teeth 55 and 57 causing the rotation of gears 50 and 51 by which the bolts 32 and 33 are withdrawn to open the lock.

Within passageway 60 are a pair of ridges 64: and 65, not quite as high as the surrounding portions or' body 20 but just flush with the gear wheels 52 and Gear wheel 52 extends into ridge at 66, and gear wheel 53 extends into ridge 65 at 67. The key 61 is provided with grooves 68 and 69, shown in dotted lines in F 1, which pass over the ridges 6ftand rThis arrangement makes the lock difiicult topick. 1r an instrument other than the correct key be inserted in slot 60 and engages thc teeth of one of the gear wheels, said instrument will immediately Ybind between successive teeth of the gear wheel and the corresponding ridge, and so prevent the gear from being further rotated. It will be noted that the gears do not extend through the ridges, nor do the ridges extend below the teeth. 1f the former was the case the gear might be rotated from the other The bolts 32 and 33 are provided with se-V side of the ridge, which would be'undesirable. The teeth 62 and 63 on the key 61 are hence cut into by the respective grooves G8 and 69, and it is by the remaining portions oli these teeth that the gears are rotated. It' the ridge extend below the bottoms of the teeth on the gears,'theteeth on the key would necessarily be entirely out away, which would render the device inoperable.

The lock shown inF ig. 5 is quite similar in operation to that sho-wn in Figs. 1 to 4. In this case a shackle 70 is arranged to swing only and is locked by a single bolt having a pin 72 engaging in a hole 73 in said shackle. Bolt 71 is similarly operated by a pinion 7% integral with a gear 75, which, in turn, can be rotated to openthe lock bya key 76 operating in a passageway 77. Here a single ridge 7 8 is employed and the unpickable feature is identical with that shown in the first form of lock.

In Fig. 6 is shown a lock having a passageway S0 with a single ridge 81 into which extend gears S2 and 83 on either side of the saine. This lock has a hinged shackle 81 which is held by the bolt 85 actuated by gear 82. Bolt 85 is itself held locked by a second bolt 86 actuated through gear 83. This interlocking of the bolts is an additional feature which makes it difficult to pick the lock as bolt 86 must be completely withdrawn before gear 82 can be rotated.

The locking )ortion of a door lock is shown in Figs. 7, S, 9, 10 and 11 which has additional features for preventing the picking of the same. A containing block 87 has bored into it a longitudinal cylindrical hole 3S eccentrically placed and is threaded outside at S9 to screw into a door. lVithin hole 8S is rotatably mounted a tube 90 which is held in placeV by the two halves 91 and 92 of the lock properV which are flanged at 93 and pass through said tube and are attached at the other end to an arm 9et which actuates the lock bolt 99, Vshown in Fig. 9 only. The block 37 is recessed to receive the flange 93, and the arm 94 has an elongated( aperture 9S through it so that portions and 96 of the halves 91 and 92, as well Vas a part 97 of the tube 90, extend through said aperture and are all held together for rotation within block S7 when the arm 94C is in place.

Member 92 supports and journals gears 100 and 101 which are attached to pinions 102 and 103 driving the transverse rack bolts 10-1 and 105. 1n this case gear 100 extends into a ridge 106 in member 92 and gear 101 extends into a similar ridge 107 in the other member 91. This necessitates corresponding grooves 108 and 109 in key 110 to be on opposite sides to each other, as is clearly shown in Fig. 9.

Bolts 104v and 105 in this lock are square and are of a U-shaped cross-section at their lower end, as is suggested in Fig. 9, being hollow at 111 and open at one s'ide. Within the cavity 111 of each bolt is a spring 112 which acts against said bolts and is seated on a lug 113, a part of tube 90 of sucli a shape that it will recede up into cavity 111 when the bolt is drawn past said tube. Tube 90 and block 87 are also provided with passageways 114 and 115 through which the bolts 104 and 105 may pass so that the same may engage the block S7 and lock the device. Bolts 10% and 105 are so constructed that when key 110 has been fully inserted they come just flush with the outside or" tube 90, as clearly shown in Fig. 10, allowing said tube and members 91 and 92 to be rotated by the key to actuate the lock bolt 99. rllhe additional protection from picking the lock lies in the fact that either of the bolts 10A or 105 may pass in both directions to enga-ge block 87 on either side, as clearly shown in Figs. 9 and 11, so that unless they are both shifted to exactly the right-position the loc-k cannot be opened. lt will hence become evident that nothing but the regular key can be used to open the lock, which doubly insures its capacity of service.

l claim:

1. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, a movable locking member, means -for holding said locking member against movement, and means including a gear and a key for operating said gear when the key is inserted in the passageway for releasing said locking member, said gear lying flush with the top of the ridge and extending entirely -across the passageway to said ridge.

2. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, a movable locking member, means for holding said locking member against movement, and means including a gear and a key for operating said gear when the key is inserted in the passageway for releasing said locking member, said gear being engaged by the key `below the top of the ridge and extending entirely across the passageway to said ridge and into a semicircular recess formed in the side of the ridge.

3. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a rotatable member in the plane of said passageway extending into said passageway and to the ridge.

f1. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a rotatable member extending into said passageway and into a recess formed in the side of the ridge.

5. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, said ridge having a semicircular recess formed in its side, locking means, and means for releasing the locking means including a rack edged key for insertion in the passageway and a coperating gear extending into said passageway and recess.

6. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same so as to provide a channel in the passageway bclow the plane of the top of the ridge, locking means, and means ttor releasing the same including a rotary member of a thickness equal to the height of the ridge extending across said channel to the ridge.

7. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, said ridge having a rectangular wall so as to form a separate channel in the passageway below the plane of the top of the ridge, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a rotatable member having a thickness equal to the depth of said channel and extending across said channel to the ridge.

8. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a plurality of rotatable members extending into said passageway and one of said members extending to the ridge.

9. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same so as to divide said passageway and make two channels in the passageway below the plane of the top 01": the ridge, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a plurality of rotatable members at least one of which extends across each channel and to the ridge.

10. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a plurality of ridges extending along the same, locking means, and means for releasing the same including a plurality of rotatable members extending into said passageway and one of said members extending to each of said ridges.

11. A lock comprising a portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge and extending along the same, a movable locking member, means for holding said locking member against movement, and means for operating said holding means to release the locking member including a rotatable member extending into said passageway and to the ridge.

12. A lock comprising a portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge and extending along the same, a movable locking member, means for holding said locking member against movement, and meansfor operating said holding means to release the locking member includingV a gear and a key for operating said gear when the key is inserted in the passageway, said gear extending into the passageway to said ridge.

13. A lock Comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a ridge extending along the same, said ridge having a semicircular recess formed in its side, ay movable locking member, means for holding said locking member against niovenient, and means for operating said holding means to release the locking member including a gear and a key for operating said gear when the key is inserted in the passageway, said gear extending into said passageway and` recess in the ridge.

14. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a. central ridge extending Valong the same so as to make in conjunction with the` walls of said passageway a channel in the passageway on each side and below the plane of the top of the ridge, a movable locking member, a bolt normally held in a. recess in said locking member, another bolt holding said Erst-named bolt from movement, and a pair of rotatable members operated by the insertion of the key in the passageway for lirst retraeting the secondenamed bolt and thereafter retracting the first-named bolt,

said rotatable members being on opposite sidesof the ridge and extending across the respective channelsand to the ridge.

l5. A lock comprising a body portion having a key-receiving passageway formed with a plurality ofchannels therein, a movable locking member, a. plurality of bolts for holding said locking member from movenient, and a rotatable member extending across one of said channels for each of said bolts and each operated by the insertion of the key in the passageway for retracting the Y casing at either side of the look-controlling member, and means including a. gear and a key for operating said gear to move said bolt so that the saine exactly registers with* in the passageway of the lock-controlling member and permits turning of the same.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

VILLIAM GROSS. `Witnesses:

F. A. VHITELEY, H. A. BowMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for :five cents each, by addressing the @Commissioner of Patents Washington, D. G. 

